The Limits to Unified Claims against European Agricultural Policies: A Comparative Analysis of Wine Producers in France and Romania
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Published
Jan 4, 2012
Antoine Roger
Abstract
In 2008, a reform of the European Common Market Organisation (CMO) for wine was introduced. It consisted in helping ‘uncompetitive producers’ to step out of the wine market. The aim was to offer the ‘competitive producers’ the pos- sibility of increasing their vineyards and developing large-scale production patterns on the model of the New World. The article focuses on the defense of the smallest wine producers invited to give up their traditional activities. It analyses the current dynamics in the département of Aude in France and the judet of Vrancea in Romania – two areas where there is a huge gap between poor producers and owners of large vineyards who could benefit from the reform. Stemming from the theoretical framework worked out by Pierre Bourdieu, the emphasis is laid on the objectification mechanisms by which some organizations managed to unify wine-growers’ claims in the past. The comparison between case studies drives to the conclusion that these mechanisms have not been activated since 2008, either because the reform of the CMO makes them inefficient or because wine-growers by-pass the new policies by other means.
How to Cite
Roger, A. (2012) “ The Limits to Unified Claims against European Agricultural Policies: A Comparative Analysis of Wine Producers in France and Romania ”, The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food. Paris, France, 19(1), pp. 1–18. doi: 10.48416/ijsaf.v19i1.232.
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References
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Release 7 March. Paris: AFP.
Badea-Gueritée, I. (2007) En France, c’est la commercialisation du vin qui pose problème, pas la surproduction,
L’Expansion, 4 July, p. 24.
Bourdieu, P. (1977) Une classe objet, Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 17–18, pp. 2–5.
Bourdieu, P. (1984) La délégation et le fétichisme politique, Actes de recherches en sciences sociales, 52–53,
pp. 49–55.
Cartwright, A. (2001) The Return of the Peasant: Land Reform in Post-Communist Romania. Reading: Ashgate.
Cartwright, A. (2003) Private farming in Romania or what are the old people going to do with their land?,
in: C. Hann (ed.) The Post-Socialist Agrarian Question, Halle: Max Planck Institüt.
CEC (Commission of the European Communities) (2006) Towards a Sustainable European Wine Sector, Communication
from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, COM (2006) 319. Brussels
: CEC.
Champa gne, P. (1984) La manifestation. La production de l’événement politique, Actes de la recherche en
sciences sociales, 52–53, pp. 18–41.
Dogan, M. and Kazancigil, A. (1994) Comparing Nations: Concepts, Strategies, Substance. Oxford: Wiley.
Dogan, M. and Pelassy, D. (1990) How to Compare Nations: Strategies in Comparative Politics, 2nd edn. London:
Chatham House.
Falkner, G. (2006) Collective participation in the European Union: the euro-corporatism debate, in: C.
Crouch and W. Streeck (eds) The Diversity of Democracy: Corporatism, Social Order And Political Conflict,
London: Edward Elgar.
Ferré, G. (2003) Léon Blum : un parisien dans les vignes. Portet-sur-Garonne: Loubatières.
Fulea, M. (1996) Structura socio-economica a populatiei rurale în perioada de tranzitie la economia de
piata, in: V. Florian, M. Fulea and A. Sarbu (eds) Satul românesc contemporan, Bucarest: Editura Academiei.
Guvernul Rom?niei (2005) Strategie post-aderare 2007-2015. Published online
Hubscher, R. and Lagrav e, R-M. (1993) Unité et pluralisme dans le syndicalisme agricole français. Un faux
débat, Annales ESC, 1, pp. 109–134.
Huillet, J. (2007) Edito du président, Le courrier du vigneron coopérateur, 42.
Institutul Na?ional de Statistic? (2006) Ancheta Structural? în Agricultur? (Vol. I). Bucure?ti: Institutul
Na?ional de Statistic?.
Institutul Na?ional de Statistic? (2007) Anuarul statistic, Vol. 14: Agricultur? ?i silvicultur?. Bucure?ti: Institutul
Na?ional de Statistic?.
Katznelson, I. (1997) Structure and configuration in comparative politics, in: I. Lichbach and A. Zucherman
(eds) Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture and Structure, Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Keeler, J.T.S. (1987) The Politics of Neo-corporatism in France: Farmers, the State, and Agricultural Policy-making
in the Fifth Republic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lem, W. (1999) Cultivating Dissent: Work, Identity, and Praxis in Rural Languedoc. Albany, NY: State University
of New York Press.
Lenoble, J. (2005) Le parti socialiste dans l’Aude. De la libération à la fin du XXe siècle. Tome 1: De la libération à
la fin de la quatrième République. Villelongue d’Aude: Atelier du Gué.
Levine Frader, L. (1981) Grapes of wrath: vineyard workers, labor unions and strikes in the Aude, 1903–
1913, in: L.A. Tilly and C. Tilly (eds) Class Conflict and Collective Action, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, pp.
185–206.
Levine Frader, L. (1986) Socialists, syndicalists and the ‘peasant question’ in the Aude, Journal of Social
History, 19, pp. 451–472.
Levine Frader, L. (1991) Peasants and Protest: Agricultural Workers, Politics, and Unions in the Aude, 1850–
1914. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Maresca, S. (1983) Les dirigeants paysans. Paris: Editions de Minuit.
Martin, J-P. (1996) Wine growers’ syndicalism in the Languedoc: continuity and change, Sociologia Ruralis,
36(3), pp. 331–339.
Petric, B. and Gouez, A. (2007) Le vin et l’Europe. Métamorphose d’une terre d’élection, Etudes et Recherches
no. 56. Paris: Notre Europe.
Popescu, M. (2001) Lec?iile tranzi?iei. Agricultura 1990–2000. Bucarest: Editura Expert.
Rizov, M. and Swinnen, J.F.M. (2003) The growth of individual farming in Romania, in: S. Dav idova and
K.J. Thompson (eds) Romanian Agriculture and Transition toward the EU, Oxford: Lexington.
Roger, A. (2001) L’implantation rurale des partis politiques en Europe orientale, Etudes Rurales, 159–160,
pp. 229–254.
Roger, A. (2002) Relations agraires et relations de pouvoir dans la Roumanie communiste: les coopératives
agricoles de production comme terrain d’affrontement politique, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine,
49(2), pp. 24–53.
Roger, A. (2008a) Faire parler les viticulteurs. La construction d’un ‘électorat’ dans le département de
l’Aude, in: V. Anquetin and A. Freyermuth (eds) La figure de l’habitant. Sociologie politique de la ‘demande
sociale’, Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, pp. 95–114.
Roger, A. (2008b) Subversions locales et usages partisans des normes européennes. L’exemple de la petite
viticulture en Roumanie, Politix, 83, pp. 179–202.
Roger, A. (2010) De la vigne à la rue. La difficile mobilisation des viticulteurs dans le département de
l’Aude, Sociologie du travail, 52(1), pp. 21–39.
Roger, A. (2011) Syndicalistes et poseurs de bombes. Modalités du recours à la violence dans la construction
des ‘intérêts vitivinicoles’ languedociens, Cultures et Conflits, 81–82, pp. 123–153.
Sartori, G. (1991) Comparing and miscomparing, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 3(3), pp. 243–257.
Smith, A., De Maillard, J. and Costa, O. (2007) Vin et politique. Bordeaux, la France, la mondialisation. Paris:
Presses de Sciences Po.
Steinmetz, G. (2004) Odious comparisons: incommensurability, the case study, and small N’s in sociology,
Sociological Theory, 22(3), pp. 371–400.
Tarrow, S. (2010) The strategy of paired comparison: toward a theory of practice, Comparative Political
Studies, 43(2), pp. 230–259.
Viniflhor (Office national interprofessionnel des fruits, des légumes, des vins et de l’horticulture) (2007)
Vins et cidre: faits et chiffres. Montreuil sous Bois: Viniflhor.
VIVEA (2007) Du diagnostic à la stratégie d’entreprise. Les différentes approches et les pratiques en formation.
Paris: VIVEA.
Voicu, M., Precupeu, J., Voicu, B. and Popescu, R. (2005) Romanian Farms and Farmers Facing the EU Regulations.
Ia?i: Editura Experts.
Wacquant, L. (1987) Symbolic violence and the making of the French agriculturalist: an enquiry into
Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology, Journal of Sociology, 23(1), pp. 65–88.
Warner, C.K. (1960) The Winegrowers of France and the Government since 1875. New York: Columbia University
Press.
Wilson, F. (1982) Alternative models of interest intermediation: the case of France, British Journal of Political
Science, 12(2), pp. 173–200.
Zahiu, L., Toncea, V., L?pu?an, A., Toderoiu, F. and Dumitru, M. (2003) Structurile agrare ?i viitorul polticilor
agricole. Bucaresti: Editura Economic?.
Release 7 March. Paris: AFP.
Badea-Gueritée, I. (2007) En France, c’est la commercialisation du vin qui pose problème, pas la surproduction,
L’Expansion, 4 July, p. 24.
Bourdieu, P. (1977) Une classe objet, Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 17–18, pp. 2–5.
Bourdieu, P. (1984) La délégation et le fétichisme politique, Actes de recherches en sciences sociales, 52–53,
pp. 49–55.
Cartwright, A. (2001) The Return of the Peasant: Land Reform in Post-Communist Romania. Reading: Ashgate.
Cartwright, A. (2003) Private farming in Romania or what are the old people going to do with their land?,
in: C. Hann (ed.) The Post-Socialist Agrarian Question, Halle: Max Planck Institüt.
CEC (Commission of the European Communities) (2006) Towards a Sustainable European Wine Sector, Communication
from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, COM (2006) 319. Brussels
: CEC.
Champa gne, P. (1984) La manifestation. La production de l’événement politique, Actes de la recherche en
sciences sociales, 52–53, pp. 18–41.
Dogan, M. and Kazancigil, A. (1994) Comparing Nations: Concepts, Strategies, Substance. Oxford: Wiley.
Dogan, M. and Pelassy, D. (1990) How to Compare Nations: Strategies in Comparative Politics, 2nd edn. London:
Chatham House.
Falkner, G. (2006) Collective participation in the European Union: the euro-corporatism debate, in: C.
Crouch and W. Streeck (eds) The Diversity of Democracy: Corporatism, Social Order And Political Conflict,
London: Edward Elgar.
Ferré, G. (2003) Léon Blum : un parisien dans les vignes. Portet-sur-Garonne: Loubatières.
Fulea, M. (1996) Structura socio-economica a populatiei rurale în perioada de tranzitie la economia de
piata, in: V. Florian, M. Fulea and A. Sarbu (eds) Satul românesc contemporan, Bucarest: Editura Academiei.
Guvernul Rom?niei (2005) Strategie post-aderare 2007-2015. Published online
Hubscher, R. and Lagrav e, R-M. (1993) Unité et pluralisme dans le syndicalisme agricole français. Un faux
débat, Annales ESC, 1, pp. 109–134.
Huillet, J. (2007) Edito du président, Le courrier du vigneron coopérateur, 42.
Institutul Na?ional de Statistic? (2006) Ancheta Structural? în Agricultur? (Vol. I). Bucure?ti: Institutul
Na?ional de Statistic?.
Institutul Na?ional de Statistic? (2007) Anuarul statistic, Vol. 14: Agricultur? ?i silvicultur?. Bucure?ti: Institutul
Na?ional de Statistic?.
Katznelson, I. (1997) Structure and configuration in comparative politics, in: I. Lichbach and A. Zucherman
(eds) Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture and Structure, Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Keeler, J.T.S. (1987) The Politics of Neo-corporatism in France: Farmers, the State, and Agricultural Policy-making
in the Fifth Republic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lem, W. (1999) Cultivating Dissent: Work, Identity, and Praxis in Rural Languedoc. Albany, NY: State University
of New York Press.
Lenoble, J. (2005) Le parti socialiste dans l’Aude. De la libération à la fin du XXe siècle. Tome 1: De la libération à
la fin de la quatrième République. Villelongue d’Aude: Atelier du Gué.
Levine Frader, L. (1981) Grapes of wrath: vineyard workers, labor unions and strikes in the Aude, 1903–
1913, in: L.A. Tilly and C. Tilly (eds) Class Conflict and Collective Action, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, pp.
185–206.
Levine Frader, L. (1986) Socialists, syndicalists and the ‘peasant question’ in the Aude, Journal of Social
History, 19, pp. 451–472.
Levine Frader, L. (1991) Peasants and Protest: Agricultural Workers, Politics, and Unions in the Aude, 1850–
1914. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Maresca, S. (1983) Les dirigeants paysans. Paris: Editions de Minuit.
Martin, J-P. (1996) Wine growers’ syndicalism in the Languedoc: continuity and change, Sociologia Ruralis,
36(3), pp. 331–339.
Petric, B. and Gouez, A. (2007) Le vin et l’Europe. Métamorphose d’une terre d’élection, Etudes et Recherches
no. 56. Paris: Notre Europe.
Popescu, M. (2001) Lec?iile tranzi?iei. Agricultura 1990–2000. Bucarest: Editura Expert.
Rizov, M. and Swinnen, J.F.M. (2003) The growth of individual farming in Romania, in: S. Dav idova and
K.J. Thompson (eds) Romanian Agriculture and Transition toward the EU, Oxford: Lexington.
Roger, A. (2001) L’implantation rurale des partis politiques en Europe orientale, Etudes Rurales, 159–160,
pp. 229–254.
Roger, A. (2002) Relations agraires et relations de pouvoir dans la Roumanie communiste: les coopératives
agricoles de production comme terrain d’affrontement politique, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine,
49(2), pp. 24–53.
Roger, A. (2008a) Faire parler les viticulteurs. La construction d’un ‘électorat’ dans le département de
l’Aude, in: V. Anquetin and A. Freyermuth (eds) La figure de l’habitant. Sociologie politique de la ‘demande
sociale’, Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, pp. 95–114.
Roger, A. (2008b) Subversions locales et usages partisans des normes européennes. L’exemple de la petite
viticulture en Roumanie, Politix, 83, pp. 179–202.
Roger, A. (2010) De la vigne à la rue. La difficile mobilisation des viticulteurs dans le département de
l’Aude, Sociologie du travail, 52(1), pp. 21–39.
Roger, A. (2011) Syndicalistes et poseurs de bombes. Modalités du recours à la violence dans la construction
des ‘intérêts vitivinicoles’ languedociens, Cultures et Conflits, 81–82, pp. 123–153.
Sartori, G. (1991) Comparing and miscomparing, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 3(3), pp. 243–257.
Smith, A., De Maillard, J. and Costa, O. (2007) Vin et politique. Bordeaux, la France, la mondialisation. Paris:
Presses de Sciences Po.
Steinmetz, G. (2004) Odious comparisons: incommensurability, the case study, and small N’s in sociology,
Sociological Theory, 22(3), pp. 371–400.
Tarrow, S. (2010) The strategy of paired comparison: toward a theory of practice, Comparative Political
Studies, 43(2), pp. 230–259.
Viniflhor (Office national interprofessionnel des fruits, des légumes, des vins et de l’horticulture) (2007)
Vins et cidre: faits et chiffres. Montreuil sous Bois: Viniflhor.
VIVEA (2007) Du diagnostic à la stratégie d’entreprise. Les différentes approches et les pratiques en formation.
Paris: VIVEA.
Voicu, M., Precupeu, J., Voicu, B. and Popescu, R. (2005) Romanian Farms and Farmers Facing the EU Regulations.
Ia?i: Editura Experts.
Wacquant, L. (1987) Symbolic violence and the making of the French agriculturalist: an enquiry into
Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology, Journal of Sociology, 23(1), pp. 65–88.
Warner, C.K. (1960) The Winegrowers of France and the Government since 1875. New York: Columbia University
Press.
Wilson, F. (1982) Alternative models of interest intermediation: the case of France, British Journal of Political
Science, 12(2), pp. 173–200.
Zahiu, L., Toncea, V., L?pu?an, A., Toderoiu, F. and Dumitru, M. (2003) Structurile agrare ?i viitorul polticilor
agricole. Bucaresti: Editura Economic?.
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