Responses to the Crisis of Neo-liberal Globalization: State Intervention in Palm Oil Production in Chiapas, Mexico
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Published
Dec 4, 2013
HÉCTOR B. FLETES-OCÓN
ALESSANDRO BONANNO
Abstract
Employing the case study of the cultivation of African palms for the production of palm oil in Chiapas, Mexico, this article probes the theme of alternative patterns of development to neo-liberal globalization. In particular, it discusses the issue of the return to state intervention (neo-Fordism) as an instrument to promote socio-economic development. Chiapas has been the theatre of the Zapatista movement of 1994. As a result of that popular uprising and despite its overtly neo-liberal posture, the Mexican state intervened significantly in Chiapas. In this context, the monoculture of the African palm has been pursued as a strategy to address local poverty among farmers, generate alternative and renewable forms of energy and provide a scheme for socio-economic growth in the area. This article illustrates the contradictory results of this ‘interventionist’ developmental project and the consequences and resistance that it entailed. The analysis of this case reveals the problematic nature of nation-state led interventionist schemes in a context marked by the emerging crisis of the neo-liberal model. It also underscores the significance of local initiatives that are generated by the aspirations and abilities of local residents.
How to Cite
B. FLETES-OCÓN, H. . and BONANNO, A. (2013) “Responses to the Crisis of Neo-liberal Globalization: State Intervention in Palm Oil Production in Chiapas, Mexico ”, The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food. Paris, France, 20(3), pp. 313–334. doi: 10.48416/ijsaf.v20i3.167.
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References
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Collins, C. (2012) How Wealth Inequality Is Wrecking the World and What We Can Do about It. San Francisco,CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
ConAnP (CoMiSion nACionAl De AReAS nAtuRAleS PRotegiDAS) (2013) Sistema de información geográfica.Published online
CollinS, J.l., Williams, B. and Di Leonardo, M. (eds) (2008) New Landscapes of Inequality: Neoliberalism and the Erosion of Democracy in America. Santa Fe, NM: School for Advanced Research Press.
Cornelius, w. and MyhRe, D. (1998) The Transformation of Rural Mexico: Reforming Rural Mexico. San Diego,CA: Center for US–Mexican Studies, University of California, San Diego.
CRouCh, C. (2011) The Strange Non-death of Neo-liberalism. Malden, MA: Polity Press.
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FleteS, h. (2010) El papel de los pequeños productores en la agricultura y alimentación. La experiencia desde tres
regiones agrícolas en México. Ciudad de México: CONAcyT.
FleteS, h. (2011) La construcción de cadenas agroindustriales de mango en Chiapas. Diversidad y contingencia en la globalización. Guadalajara: CIESAS.
Fletes, h., Rangel, F. and Ocampo, g. (2010) Limits of Commercial Agriculture and Challenges for Small Pro- ducers in the New Dynamism of Global Agricultural Markets: Experience from Southern Mexico. Presented at the VIII Latin American Congress of Rural Sociology, Porto de Galinhas, PE., Brazil.
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FRieDMAn, M. (1982) Capitalism and Freedom, repr. with new preface. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
gAlARzA, e. (1964) Merchants of Labor: The Mexican Bracero Story. San José, CA: Rosicrucian Press.
gonzález Chávez, h. and MACíAS MACíAS, A. (2007) Vulnerabilidad alimentaria y política agroalimentaria en México, Desacatos: Revista de Antropología Social, 25, pp. 47–78.
goveRnMent oF Chiapas (2009) Reconversión Productiva en Chiapas, Press Release, 24 August 2009. Published online
gReenwooD, D. (2011) The problem of coordination in politics: what critics of neoliberalism might draw from its advocates, Polity, 43(1), pp. 36–57.
Habermas, J. (1975) The Legitimation Crisis. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Habermas, J. (2012) The Crisis of the European Union: A Response. Malden, MA: Polity Press.
Harvey, D. (1989) The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Harvey, D. (2003) The New Imperialism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Harvey, D. (2005) A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Harvey, D. (2010) The Enigma of Capital and the Crisis of Capitalism. New York: Oxford University Press. hARvey, n. (1998) The Chiapas Rebellion: The Struggle for Land and Democracy. Durham, NC: Duke University.
helleineR, e. (2010) A Bretton Woods moment? The 2007–2008 crisis and the future of global finance, International Affairs, 86(3), pp. 619–636.
Hewitt, C. (1999) La modernización de la agricultura mexicana, 1940-1970. Ciudad de México: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
hoFMAn, A.A. (2000) The Economic Development of Latin America in the 20th Century. Northampton, MA:
Edward Elgar Publishing.
holt-giMénez, e. and Kenfield, i. (2009) When Renewable Isn’t Sustainable: Agrofuels and the Inconvenient Truths behind the 2007 U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act. Oakland, CA: Food First. Published online
Hudis, P. (2013) A Structural Crisis of Capital? Reflections on the Great Recession. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Sociological Association, Chicago, IL, March.
inegi (inStituto nAtionAl De eStADíStiCA y geogRAFíA) (2007) Censo agrícola, ganadero y forestal. Ciudad de México: Oficina del Censo.
iRBio (inStituto De ReConveRSión BioeneRgétiCA) (2011) Chiapas, Leading Palm Oil Producer. Published on- line
JeSSoP, B. (1982) The Capitalist State. New York: New York University Press.
JohnSon, D.g. (1973) World Agriculture in Disarray. London: Macmillan.
JonASSe, R. (2009) Introduction: agrofuels and our endangered world, in: R. Jonasse (ed.) Agrofuels in the Americas. Oakland, CA: Food First. Published online
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Harvard University Press.
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leChugA, J. (2006) La estructura agraria de México. Un análisis de largo plazo. Ciudad de México: UAM Azcapotzalco, Biblioteca de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades.
liPietz, A. (1987) Mirages and Miracles. London: Verso.
liPietz, A. (1992) Towards a New Economic Order: Post-Fordism, Ecology, and Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.
lóPez tRuJillo, R. (2007) Microeconomic Analysis of Palm Oil Production in the Valley Tulija. Bachelor Thesis in Economics, Autonomous University of Chiapas, San Cristóbal de las Casas.
luPel, A. (2005) Tasks of a global civil society: Held, Habermas and democratic legitimacy beyond the nation-state, Globalizations, 2(1), pp. 117–133.
MAnRique, l.g. (2010) ¿Está el futuro en el etanol?, Economía Exterior, 52, pp. 121–130. MARCuSe, h. (1964) One Dimensional Man. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
MeRRill, t.l. and MiRó, R. (eds) (1996) Mexico: A Country Study. Washington, DC: GPO for the Library of Congress.
MiCColiS, A. and teixeiRA De AnDRADe, R. (2012) The Expansion of Oil Palm in the Brazilian Amazon: Paths for- ward for Sustainability among Family Farmers. Presented at the Congress of the Latin American Studies Association, San Francisco, CA, 23–26 May.
MoRton, A.D. (2003) Structural changes in neoliberalism in Mexico: ‘passive revolution’ in the global political economy, Third World Quarterly, 24(4), pp. 631–653.
MoRton, A.D. (2011) Revolution and State in Modern Mexico: The Political Economy of Uneven Development. Lanhan, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
MottuRA, g. and PuglieSe, e. (1980) Capitalism in agriculture and capitalist agriculture: the Italian case, in: F.h. Buttel and h. newBy (eds) Rural Sociology of the Advanced Societies. Montclair, NJ: Allanheld Osmun, pp. 88–106 .
o’ConnoR, J. (1974) The Fiscal Crisis of the State. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
oFFe, C. (1985) Contradictions of the Welfare State, ed. John Keane. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
oteRo, g. (1999) Farewell to the Peasantry: Political Class Formation in Rural Mexico. Boulder. CO: Westview
Press.
oteRo, g. (2004) Mexico in Transition: Neoliberal Globalism, the State, and Civil Society. London: Zed Books.
oveRBeeK, h. and APelDooRn, B. vAn (2012) Neoliberalism in Crisis. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
PeChlAneR, g. and oteRo, g. (2010) The neoliberal food regime: neoregulation and the new division of
labor in North America, Rural Sociology, 75(2), pp. 179–208.
PineDA MoRAleS, S.J. (2009) Productores de palma de aceite del Soconusco ante el impacto del orden mundial
contemporáneo. Master’s Thesis in Natural Resources and Rural Development. ECOSUR, San Cristóbal
de las Casas.
PollARD, v.K. (ed.) (2012) State Capitalism, Contentious Politics and Large-scale Social Change. London: Hay-
market Books.
PRASAD, M. (2006) The Politics of Free Markets: The Rise of Neoliberal Economic Policies in Britain, France, Ger-
many and the United States. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
RAMíRez SilvA, A.A. (1989) Acumulación de capital y clases sociales en el campo Mexicano. Ciudad de México:
Pueblo Nuevo.
RAMiRez zAMoRA, R. (1991) La palma africana. Una alternativa para el trópico húmedo, Brochure no. 1. Acape-
tahua: INIFAP.
RAMoR R. (2011) Zapatista Spring: Anatomy of a Rebel Water Project & the Lessons of International Solidarity.
Oakland, CA: AK Press.
RAulet, g. (2011) Legitimacy and globalization, Philosophy and Social Criticism, 37(3), pp. 313–327.
RoDeFelD, R., FloRA, J., voth, D., FiJiMoto, i. and ConveRSe, J. (1978) Change in Rural America. St. Louis, MO:C.V. Mosby Company.
SABineS, J. (2007) Chiapas Solidario Development Plan 2007–2012. Tuxtla Gutierrez: State Government of
Chiapas.
SABineS, J. (2011) Annex 2. Fifth Report of Government. Tuxtla Gutierrez: State Government of Chiapas. SiAP (SeRviCio De inFoRMACión AgRoAliMentARiA y PeSqueRA, MéxiCo) (2010) Cierre de la producción agrícola por
estado. Published online
Stiglitz, J. (2002) Globalization and its Discontents. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
Stiglitz, J. (2003) The Roaring Nineties. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
tABB, w.K. (2010) Financialization in the contemporary social structure of accumulation, in: t. MCDonough, M. ReiCh and D.M. Kotz (eds) Contemporary Capitalism and Its Crises. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 145–167 .
unDeRhill, g. and zhAng, x. (2008) Setting the rules: private power, political underpinnings, and legitimacy in global monetary and financial governance, International Affairs, 84(3), pp. 535–554.
vAn gelDeR, SARAh (ed.) (2011) This Changes Everything: The Occupy Wall Street and the 99% Movement. New
York: The Positive Futures Network.
velASCo, e. (2010) Crisis of Agribusiness. Impact and Strategies of Small Farmers in Vlla Comaltitlán, Chiapas.Bachelor Thesis in Economics. Autonomous University of Chiapas, San Cristóbal de las Casas.
welleR, J. (1998) Los mercados laborales en América Latina. Su evolución en el largo plazo y sus tendencias recientes, Serie Reformas económicas 11. Santiago: CEPAL.
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